Objectives: To establish whether a specific community in a gold mining area, with potentially associated small-scale gold mining activities, was exposed to mercury. Methods: The community was situated in Mpumalanga, where some potential sources of mercury emissions may have an impact. Adults >or=18 years were considered eligible. …
This chapter provides an overview of deep-level gold and platinum mining in South Africa, highlighting the status quo of the industry and some of the associated challenges and explains how applied ...
ABSTRACT. This paper examines unregulated gold-mining activities prevalent at disused mines and decommissioned shafts at operating mines in post-apartheid South Africa. This kind of mining is deemed illegal by the government since it is outside the parameters of the country's main mining legislation.
abstract = "Analyzes changes in the origins and characteristics of migrant workers from the late 19th century to the present. Explains the political and economic advantages to the government and the mines of using migrant labour on short-term contracts and its relationship with apartheid, the decreasing reliance on labour from neighbouring …
Abstract. Rising costs, falling ore grades and a stagnant gold price are steadily eroding the economic viability of gold mining in South Africa. This paper explores the major economic dynamics behind the profit squeeze. The empirical analysis highlights the negative effect of the low gold prices—a development which more than drowned out …
The gold mines rapidly established a pattern of labor recruitment, remuneration, and accommodation that left its stamp on subsequent social and …
Due to many abandoned mines that are not rehabilitated, there will be illegal mining. Although the mining industry and government continue to prevent illegal gold mining in abandoned mines by sealing open shafts, it is not possible to close all the shafts at once due to limited resources. Furthermor …
Industrial mining projects can play an important role in global sustainable development if associated health risks are minimised and opportunities maximised. While a broad body of evidence from quantitative studies exists that establishes the interlinkages between mining operations and effects on public health, little research has been …
The study evaluates the health risk caused by heavy metals to the inhabitants of a gold mining area. In this study, 56 soil samples from five mine tailings and 17 from two mine villages were collected and analyzed for Asernic (As), Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu) and Zinc …
Abstract. Mining is the process of extracting valuable material (often minerals) from the earth, generally from an ore, reef, vein or lode. Africa accounts for about 30 percent of the total mineral reserves mined in the world, such as diamond, cobalt, chromite, gold, manganese, phosphate rock, and iron.
Abandoned gold mine sites are generally characterised by severe environmental problems and physical hazards. Because of socio-economic problems confronting communities around abandoned mine sites, historic and abandoned gold mines have become hot-spots for artisanal and small-scale miners. These min …
In the 20 th century, the large gold mines on the West Wits line were established, and towns like Carletonville and Klerksdorp became important and busy centres around the world-famous gold mines: Kloof, Driefontein and Western Deep Levels. For many years, South Africa was the world's primary gold producer.
Abstract. Background. ... The first theme addresses trends in silicosis in the South African gold-mining industry over a period of 33 years, and the second explores the potential for occupational respiratory disease in the under-researched platinum- and diamond-mining sectors. ... As the South African mining industry shrinks, health …
Gold mines in South Africa use large volumes of water for cooling and other purposes underground. The mines are often at great depths, for example 3600 metres below surface level. Water piped down the shaft can therefore be at high pressures unless a system of pressure reducing dams or valves is installed. Modern practice is to utilize the high water …
Gold mines in South Africa have mining depths of up to ~4 km. Mining in such depths under high-stress conditions induces many earthquakes, which pose serious hazard to mine workers.
10: Target Gold Mine – 452Koz. The Target 1 Gold Mine, which is owned by Harmony Gold, produced 72,146 oz of gold in 2020. Located at the Welkom gold fields, the proven and probable mineral reserves were estimated at 5.1 million tonnes (Mt) grading 4.28g/t gold, as of June 2020.
Abstract. Gold mining has been central to the success of South Africa's economy. That labour intensive industry has relied heavily on migrant workers for its profitability. In the past decade, scientists in Johannesburg and Cape Town have identified a pandemic of the serious occupational disease silicosis among gold miners.
Gold Mining in South Africa 0. GLENN SAXON JR. GOLD HAS BEEN a near-magic word throughout re-corded history-and it is no less so in the Union of South Africa today. …
Mining of gold in the Welkom and ia areas of the Free State Province in South Africa has produced numerous gold mine tailings, which contain a variety of contaminants. The extent of contamination of groundwater in the area was studied by measuring several water quality indicators at eight sampling sites, and within three …
Abstract. At a number of gold mines in South Africa, methane gas has been encountered when drilling into faults and/or dykes extending to depths beyond 7000 m. Methane gas has been reported to migrate up through structures from within the basin to the mine working environments (∼3000 m depth) and caused explosions.
Abstract. The paper examines the mining industry of South Africa from 1994 to the present, by reference to the legislative reforms and also the continuing contribution of mining to the economy of South Africa; with a focus on the case of gold. This is all affected by the push for 'sustainable development' (1987).
ABSTRACT The history of gold mining and gold trade in southern Africa goes back nearly I 000 years. Given the number of early gold mines and the records oflively trade …
One hundred seventy-three studies published from 1996 through June 2023 (Supplementary Tables 1–5) across 30 different African countries, as presented in Fig. 2, were evaluated.The ASGM activities reported in these publications are spatially concentrated in West, South, East, and Central Africa (Fig. 2).One hundred and two …
Labor time, as a dimension of South African mining labor history, has been ignored, both conceptually and historically. This article remedies this yawning gap by presenting primary and secondary ...
Abstract. South African gold mining is one of the main contributors to the country's economic growth and employment creation. Assessment of future gold production is pivotal for positioning the country's supply security and contribution to the …
2.2. Study population and sample. At the time of the study there were approximately 1700 operating mines and quarries in South Africa, and the industry directly employed close to 500 000 people (Republic of South Africa, Citation 2011).The study population comprised all workers employed at eight mines in South Africa; the study …
Abstract. Aims: To examine the effect of silica exposure, in the absence of silicosis, on the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), which is epidemic among South African gold miners. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 520 gold miners over 37 years of age. Length of service, and cumulative and average dust and quartz exposure indices were derived for …
Abstract and Figures. The recent underground mass death of more than 80 'illegal miners' or zama-zamas (chance-takers) highlights the parlous state of South Africa's gold-mining industry.
Abstract. In this chapter Elbra provides an overview of the gold mining industry in Ghana, South Africa and Tanzania. The chapter begins with an overview of …
The South African mining sector is in a predicament as contradictions rooted in its apartheid past have come home to roost, mineral prices remain stubbornly low, and another industrial revolution ...
The paper examines the mining industry of South Africa from 1994 to the present, by reference to the legislative reforms and also the continuing contribution of mining to the economy of South ...
A multi-disciplinary study of the response of the rock mass to mining and mining-induced earthquakes has been conducted in six gold mines in South Africa at sites deeper than 3 km, or with ...
The 1886 discovery of significant gold reef deposits on the range of hills known as the Witwatersrand, Footnote 11 would change the course of southern African history. As summarised by John Illife, the discovery of gold on the Witwatersrand set South Africa on a different colonial trajectory from the rest of the African continent, gradually …
