Bentonite is an effective, widely used binder in the iron ore pelletizing process. Its low price is an important factor for its extensive use. However, bentonite incorporates silica and alumina, which are undesirable contaminants to pellets. Additionally, it is a natural material with variable composition depending on its origin.
Effects of bentonite fiber formation in iron ore pelletization ... (7 lb/lt) bentonite which is half of the typical dosage. Longer mixing times give little or no improvement in pellet strength. ... 141–149 dramatically increased when the concentrate with binder is passed through the roll press prior to balling. It is expected that bentonite ...
All the test materials were also balled without bentonite. 2.2. Micro-ballingIn the iron ore industry, small-scale balling is commonly called micro-balling. Micro-balling was done in 7-kg batches of filtered material with about 6% moisture content. The balling was done in a drum with a diameter of 0.8 m, according to methods described earlier ...
Bentonite serves as an effective binder in iron ore pellets that enhances the bonding strength among iron ore particles and aug- ments green ball mechanical robustness and thermal stability.[5]
In the production of iron ore concentrate pellets, binders are required to improve pellet green strength. The most popular binder for this purpose is bentonite clay, which is added at a rate of ...
Improvement of sintering behaviors ... Investigation also shows that iron ore concentrate containing the organic binder has a lower balling kinetics than bentonite concentrate due to the increased ...
The chemical compositions of the two binders, Funa and bentonite, are shown in Table 3.Funa is available as a kind of black powder and has a particle size of minus 140 mesh and a bulk density of 0.75 t/m 3, while bentonite has a bulk density of 0.70 t/m 3 and a particle size of minus 200 mesh. As seen in Table 3, Funa is …
While the bentonite addition decreased, the drop number and thermal shock temperature of green balls improved by 0.9 times/0.5 m and 150 °C, respectively. This has resulted in an improvement in the overall iron grade of fired pellet by 1.02% and in CCS by 1000 N per pellet (Liu et al., 2005; Zhu et al., 2009). Download: Download full-size image
Sodium-activated calcium bentonite is used as a binder in iron ore pellets and is known to increase strength of both wet and dry iron ore green pellets. In this article, the microstructure of bentonite in magnetite pellets is revealed for the first time using scanning electron microscopy. ... Effects of binders on balling behaviors of iron ore ...
At present around 6–7% of iron ore slimes, out of total production, are being generated and accumulated at iron ore mine sites of National Mineral Development Corporation Limited, India. The accumulated slimes of finer size and relatively inferior grade should be utilized in an economical way for sustainable mining. These slimes can be …
Iron ore pelletizing using compressive and shear action on wet mixture feed has been studied. The physical properties, namely, moisture content, drop strength, green compressive strength (GCS), dry compressive strength (DCS), porosity, and cold crushing strength (CCS), have been studied. Pelletizing tests were carried out on four different …
In the case of Eastern Desert iron ore, its pelletization kinetics and compressive strength of dry pellets were sensitive to the amount of bentonite added, wheres the drop number of its wet pellets was slightly affected by the amount of bentonite_ This leads to the conclusion that bentonite is needed to improve the drop number and …
The Game-Improvement iron category represents the bulk of the market and for good reason. You're trying to get better. Whether you're an 8-handicapper struggling to stay in single-digits or a ...
This chapter aims to provide an overview and the evolution of iron ore pelletizing process including: • Pelletizing process and raw materials
Preparing Iron Ore for Pelletizing (Balling) Iron ore must go through a lengthy pre-processing stage before it can be pelletized – a series of steps that work to beneficiate and concentrate low-grade ores. ... Binder selection can vary from process to process depending on the unique goals of the project at hand, but bentonite clay is a common ...
Results show that the organic binder markedly improved the natural ballability and the mechanical strengths but reduce the balling rate compared to bentonite.
The essential parameters affecting the pelletization process of high barite iron ore concentrate were studied using the Egyptian normal and activated bentonite as binder materials. The metallurgical properties of green, dried and fired pellets were studied using chemical and X-ray analyses.
Keywords: bentonite, pelletizing, iron ore concentrate, binder, sodium bicarbonate Introduction Major raw material in iron and steel industry is iron ore which can be classified as high grade and low grade in terms of its Fe content. ... The drop number must be high enough for the green pellets to survive the transportation from the balling ...
The bentonite binder was a Na–montmorillonite based clay that was mined from the Western United States. The bentonite, obtained from the American Colloid and designated SPV 200, had a plate water absorbance (PWA) of 706 (ASTM E946, 1996) and had particle size of 85% passing 74 μm (200 mesh). The chemical analysis for the …
typically fed material with iron contents exceeding 64 %, and pellets fed to the MIDREX process are typically 67-69 % iron (Chatterjee, 1994). Considering hematite (Fe 2O 3) is approximately 70 % iron, a pellet feed of 69 % iron implies gangue contents as low as 1.3 %. Clearly, the chemical + ),
Bentonite serves as an effective binder in iron ore pellets that enhances the bonding strength among iron ore particles and augments green ball mechanical robustness and thermal stability. Despite the multitude of quality evaluation indicators for bentonite that are used in this context, there is not currently an established specific testing ...
This paper mainly describes the effects of the binder on balling behaviors of magnetite concentrates as compared to bentonite binder. Natural ballability and dynamic ballability of concentrates as well as the mechanical strengths of the balls have been included in the assessment.
The intercalation of sodium salt into the bentonite surface give rise to the specific surface area and total pore volume from 120.34 to 426.91, m2/g and 0.155 to 0.225 cm3/g, respectively ...
Balling process: the gre en pelle t is the roll ed pellet wi thout a ny thermal process. It is ob tained. ... Organic binders have been used as an attractive alternative to bentonite in iron ore ...
Nowadays, the HPGR (high-pressure grinding rolls) is an intermediate step between filtering and balling in the most modern iron ore pelletizing operation. The operation debottlenecks filtering process and reduces pressure over the typical milling process to control particle size to the balling. The present study evaluated aspects of …
The classically accepted mechanism for binding fine iron ore concentrates by bentonite clay is that the clay becomes hydrated, expands, disperses, and then dries into a bonding film that holds the ...
Bentonite causes a severe decrease in total iron grades (TFe) of pellets, requiring effective organic binders urgently to reduce its dosage in pelletizing. However, the consolidation mechanism of pellets remains unclear when partially replacing bentonite with organic binders.
The study reveals that bentonite clay has large surface area due to similar structure with montmorillonite and it is found that the functionality of bentonite can be increased by increasing...
PDF | On Jan 2, 2015, Aim Gül and others published Improvement of mechanical strength of iron ore pellets using raw and activated bentonites as binders | Find, read and cite all the research you ...
Pelletization is one of useful processes for the agglomeration of iron ore or concentrates. However, manganese ore fines are mainly agglomerated by sintering due to its high combined water which adversely affects the roasting performance of pellets. In this work, high pressure roll grinding (HPRG) process and optimization of temperature …
Bentonite clay is the most widely used binder for iron ore pelletising as it can achieve both functions (Kawatra and Claremboux, 2022b). However, it is an inorganic compound that primarily ...
There is great incentive to reduce bentonite use in iron ore pelletization by improving its effectiveness. In order to make bentonite more effective, it is necessary to understand the actual binding mechanisms so that they …
As the ultrafine iron ore concentrate was used to prepare green pellets, the main problem was the serious cracking during the drying process. The fine particles contacted so closely that the porosity of green pellet was only 16.68%, which finally hindered vapor diffusion, and the cracking temperature was only 370 °C.
